What are the rules of noon sakinah and tanween? A guide for kids

Question

Bloomtivo Academy · Accepted Answer

When نْ or tanween is followed by another letter, one of four things happens: izhar (clear “n”) before the six throat letters ء ه ع ح غ خ; idgham (merge) before ي ر م ل و ن, with a hum for ي ن م و; iqlab (turns to “m”) before ب; and ikhfa (hidden, nasal “n”) before the other 15 letters. Example: مِنْ هَادٍ, مَنْ يَعْمَلْ, مِنْ بَعْدِ, مِنْ شَرِّ. These four rules appear on almost every Mushaf page. Learn them with one example each.The four rulesRuleBeforeWhat happensExampleIzhar (clear)ء ه ع ح غ خSay the “n” clearlyمِنْ هَادٍIdgham with ghunnahي ن م وMerge into the next letter, with a humمَنْ يَعْمَلْIdgham without ghunnahل رMerge, no humمِنْ رَبِّهِمْIqlab (change)ب“n” becomes a humming “m”مِنْ بَعْدِIkhfa (hide)The other 15 lettersA hidden, nasal “n”مِنْ شَرِّMemory aidsIzhar letters: the six throat letters.Idgham letters: يَرْمَلُونَ (ي ر م ل و ن).Iqlab: just ب; many Mushafs show a small م.Ikhfa: everything else.Find them in Juz AmmaAl-Falaq: مِنْ شَرِّ (ikhfa).Al-Ikhlas: كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ (izhar, tanween before ء).Al-Humazah: هُمَزَةٍ لُمَزَةٍ (idgham without ghunnah).Learning orderIzhar.Iqlab.Idgham.Ikhfa (the hardest to get right).Teacher’s tip: give each rule a colour and mark one page in pencil. Children who “hunt” rules learn them far faster than by memorising lists.Related: Ghunnah, meem sakinah and tanween.

Rule	Before	What happens	Example
Izhar (clear)	ء ه ع ح غ خ	Say the “n” clearly	مِنْ هَادٍ
Idgham with ghunnah	ي ن م و	Merge into the next letter, with a hum	مَنْ يَعْمَلْ
Idgham without ghunnah	ل ر	Merge, no hum	مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ
Iqlab (change)	ب	“n” becomes a humming “m”	مِنْ بَعْدِ
Ikhfa (hide)	The other 15 letters	A hidden, nasal “n”	مِنْ شَرِّ

What are the rules of noon sakinah and tanween? A guide for kids

The four rules

Memory aids

Find them in Juz Amma

Learning order

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